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  <h1>08 Tcp通信</h1>

<h2 id="tcp">TCP通信<a class="headerlink" href="#tcp" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>这篇文章，将介绍如何在树莓派中使用Socket套接字进行TCP通信，分别会实现C语言版和Python版，按道理，这个应该只要是Linux系统，都支持实现。</p>
<p>如果想看socket相关函数的具体解析，可以去其他博客看，我这里只会按照自己的理解简要说明一下。</p>
<p>一般的编程流程就是</p>
<p>服务端：创建服务端套接字-&gt;绑定套接字-&gt;设置监听-&gt;接收客户端连接并生成新的套接字-&gt;收发数据</p>
<p>客户端：创建客户端套接字-&gt;连接服务器-&gt;收发数据</p>
<h2 id="c">C语言实现<a class="headerlink" href="#c" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="_1">服务端<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>1、创建套接字</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">socket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">domain</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">protocol</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>domain：即协议域，又称为协议族（family）。常用的协议族有，AF_INET（IPv4)、AF_INET6(IPv6)。</li>
<li>type：指定socket类型。常用的socket类型有，SOCK_STREAM（流式套接字）、SOCK_DGRAM（数据报式套接字）</li>
<li>protocol：就是指定协议。常用的协议有，IPPROTO_TCP、PPTOTO_UDP、IPPROTO_SCTP、IPPROTO_TIPC等，它们分别对应TCP传输协议、UDP传输协议、STCP传输协议、TIPC传输协议。当protocol为0时，会自动选择type类型对应的默认协议。</li>
</ul>
<p>2、绑定套接字</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-1-1"><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">addr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">socklen_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addrlen</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>sockfd：即socket描述字，它是通过socket()函数创建了，唯一标识一个socket。bind()函数就是将给这个描述字绑定一个名字。</li>
<li>addr：一个const struct sockaddr *指针，指向要绑定给sockfd的协议地址。</li>
</ul>
<p>3、设置监听</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-2-1"><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">listen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backlog</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>sockfd：第一个参数即为要监听的socket描述字</li>
<li>backlog：第二个参数为相应socket可以排队的最大连接个数。</li>
</ul>
<p>4、接收客户端的连接，并生成新的套接字。</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-3-1"><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">accept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">addr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">socklen_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">addrlen</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>sockfd：第一个参数为服务器的socket描述字</li>
<li>backlog：第二个参数为指向struct sockaddr *的指针，用于返回客户端的协议地址</li>
<li>addrlen：第三个参数为客户端协议地址的长度。</li>
<li>如果accpet成功，那么其返回值是由内核自动生成的一个全新的描述字，代表与返回客户的TCP连接。</li>
</ul>
<p>5、接收数据</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-4-1"><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="kt">ssize_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>fd：第一个参数为服务器与客户端连接生成的socket描述字</li>
<li>buf：第二个参数为读取数据的存放位置</li>
<li>count：第三个参数为数据的长度。</li>
</ul>
<p>6、发送数据</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-5-1"><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="kt">ssize_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>fd：第一个参数为服务器与客户端连接生成的socket描述字</li>
<li>buf：第二个参数为发送数据的存放位置</li>
<li>count：第三个参数为数据的长度。</li>
</ul>
<p>完整代码</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-6-1"><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-2"><a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-3"><a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;string.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-4"><a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-5"><a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;strings.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-6"><a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-7"><a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;sys/types.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-8"><a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;sys/socket.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-9"><a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;arpa/inet.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-10"><a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-11"><a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-12"><a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-13"><a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="cp">#define  SERVER_IP   &quot;192.168.17.129&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-14"><a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="cp">#define  SERVER_PORT 8888 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-15"><a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-16"><a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-17"><a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-18"><a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//接收数据的Buff</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-19"><a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">];</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-20"><a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-21"><a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//1创建套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-22"><a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">socket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">AF_INET</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SOCK_STREAM</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-23"><a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-24"><a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-25"><a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;socket&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-26"><a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-27"><a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-28"><a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-29"><a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//2绑定套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-30"><a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr_in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">//IPV4地址结构体</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-31"><a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-32"><a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_family</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AF_INET</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-33"><a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_port</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htons</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SERVER_PORT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">//端口号   5001~65535</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-34"><a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_addr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">s_addr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inet_addr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SERVER_IP</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//设置IP地址</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-35"><a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-36"><a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-37"><a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;bind&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-38"><a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-39"><a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-40"><a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-41"><a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//3设置监听套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-42"><a id="__codelineno-6-42" name="__codelineno-6-42" href="#__codelineno-6-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">listen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-43"><a id="__codelineno-6-43" name="__codelineno-6-43" href="#__codelineno-6-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-44"><a id="__codelineno-6-44" name="__codelineno-6-44" href="#__codelineno-6-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;listen&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-45"><a id="__codelineno-6-45" name="__codelineno-6-45" href="#__codelineno-6-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//返回现在执行的函数(结束函数) </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-46"><a id="__codelineno-6-46" name="__codelineno-6-46" href="#__codelineno-6-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-47"><a id="__codelineno-6-47" name="__codelineno-6-47" href="#__codelineno-6-47"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-48"><a id="__codelineno-6-48" name="__codelineno-6-48" href="#__codelineno-6-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-49"><a id="__codelineno-6-49" name="__codelineno-6-49" href="#__codelineno-6-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-50"><a id="__codelineno-6-50" name="__codelineno-6-50" href="#__codelineno-6-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//4接受客户端的连接。并生成新的通信套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-51"><a id="__codelineno-6-51" name="__codelineno-6-51" href="#__codelineno-6-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">accept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">//定义套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-52"><a id="__codelineno-6-52" name="__codelineno-6-52" href="#__codelineno-6-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-53"><a id="__codelineno-6-53" name="__codelineno-6-53" href="#__codelineno-6-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-54"><a id="__codelineno-6-54" name="__codelineno-6-54" href="#__codelineno-6-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;accpet!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-55"><a id="__codelineno-6-55" name="__codelineno-6-55" href="#__codelineno-6-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//返回现在执行的函数(结束函 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-56"><a id="__codelineno-6-56" name="__codelineno-6-56" href="#__codelineno-6-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-57"><a id="__codelineno-6-57" name="__codelineno-6-57" href="#__codelineno-6-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;accpet success!</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-58"><a id="__codelineno-6-58" name="__codelineno-6-58" href="#__codelineno-6-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//连接成功后，进入通信的循环</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-59"><a id="__codelineno-6-59" name="__codelineno-6-59" href="#__codelineno-6-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-60"><a id="__codelineno-6-60" name="__codelineno-6-60" href="#__codelineno-6-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-61"><a id="__codelineno-6-61" name="__codelineno-6-61" href="#__codelineno-6-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//将 buf空间中的1024内容清空 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-62"><a id="__codelineno-6-62" name="__codelineno-6-62" href="#__codelineno-6-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-63"><a id="__codelineno-6-63" name="__codelineno-6-63" href="#__codelineno-6-63"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">//读取失败 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-64"><a id="__codelineno-6-64" name="__codelineno-6-64" href="#__codelineno-6-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">   </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-65"><a id="__codelineno-6-65" name="__codelineno-6-65" href="#__codelineno-6-65"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;read!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-66"><a id="__codelineno-6-66" name="__codelineno-6-66" href="#__codelineno-6-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-67"><a id="__codelineno-6-67" name="__codelineno-6-67" href="#__codelineno-6-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-68"><a id="__codelineno-6-68" name="__codelineno-6-68" href="#__codelineno-6-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">//写端口关闭 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-69"><a id="__codelineno-6-69" name="__codelineno-6-69" href="#__codelineno-6-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-70"><a id="__codelineno-6-70" name="__codelineno-6-70" href="#__codelineno-6-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;client close</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-71"><a id="__codelineno-6-71" name="__codelineno-6-71" href="#__codelineno-6-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-72"><a id="__codelineno-6-72" name="__codelineno-6-72" href="#__codelineno-6-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-73"><a id="__codelineno-6-73" name="__codelineno-6-73" href="#__codelineno-6-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-74"><a id="__codelineno-6-74" name="__codelineno-6-74" href="#__codelineno-6-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-75"><a id="__codelineno-6-75" name="__codelineno-6-75" href="#__codelineno-6-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;recv : %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-76"><a id="__codelineno-6-76" name="__codelineno-6-76" href="#__codelineno-6-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-77"><a id="__codelineno-6-77" name="__codelineno-6-77" href="#__codelineno-6-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strncmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;exit&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//判断是否退出</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-78"><a id="__codelineno-6-78" name="__codelineno-6-78" href="#__codelineno-6-78"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-79"><a id="__codelineno-6-79" name="__codelineno-6-79" href="#__codelineno-6-79"></a>
</span><span id="__span-6-80"><a id="__codelineno-6-80" name="__codelineno-6-80" href="#__codelineno-6-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">//将读取到的数据又发送出来</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-81"><a id="__codelineno-6-81" name="__codelineno-6-81" href="#__codelineno-6-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-82"><a id="__codelineno-6-82" name="__codelineno-6-82" href="#__codelineno-6-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-83"><a id="__codelineno-6-83" name="__codelineno-6-83" href="#__codelineno-6-83"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;write&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-84"><a id="__codelineno-6-84" name="__codelineno-6-84" href="#__codelineno-6-84"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-85"><a id="__codelineno-6-85" name="__codelineno-6-85" href="#__codelineno-6-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-86"><a id="__codelineno-6-86" name="__codelineno-6-86" href="#__codelineno-6-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-87"><a id="__codelineno-6-87" name="__codelineno-6-87" href="#__codelineno-6-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//关闭连接套接字 </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-88"><a id="__codelineno-6-88" name="__codelineno-6-88" href="#__codelineno-6-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-89"><a id="__codelineno-6-89" name="__codelineno-6-89" href="#__codelineno-6-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">   </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-90"><a id="__codelineno-6-90" name="__codelineno-6-90" href="#__codelineno-6-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span>
</span><span id="__span-6-91"><a id="__codelineno-6-91" name="__codelineno-6-91" href="#__codelineno-6-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-6-92"><a id="__codelineno-6-92" name="__codelineno-6-92" href="#__codelineno-6-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>然后编译这段代码</p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-7-1"><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>gcc<span class="w"> </span>-Wall<span class="w"> </span>server.c<span class="w"> </span>-o<span class="w"> </span>server<span class="w">  </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>-Wall 表示编译时显示所有警告</p>
<p>编译完成后调用生成的server文件</p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-8-1"><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>./server
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>想要停止这个程序，<code>Ctrl+c</code>即可。</p>
<h3 id="_2">客户端<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>1、创建套接字</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-9-1"><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">socket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">domain</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">protocol</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>这部分和服务端一样</p>
<p>2、设置要连接的地址相关并连接服务器</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-10-1"><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">addr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">socklen_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addrlen</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>主要是connect函数，他会连接到我们设定的服务器地址</p>
<ul>
<li>第一个参数即为客户端的socket描述字，</li>
<li>第二参数为服务器的socket地址，</li>
<li>第三个参数为socket地址的长度。</li>
</ul>
<p>3、发送数据和读数据</p>
<p>这个和服务端处理一样。</p>
<p>完整代码</p>
<div class="language-c highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-11-1"><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-2"><a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-3"><a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;string.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-4"><a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-5"><a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;strings.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-6"><a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-7"><a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;sys/types.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-8"><a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;sys/socket.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-9"><a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;arpa/inet.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-10"><a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-11"><a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-12"><a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-13"><a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="cp">#define  SERVER_IP   &quot;192.168.3.18&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-14"><a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="cp">#define  SERVER_PORT 8888 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-15"><a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-16"><a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-17"><a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-18"><a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//接收数据的Buff</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-19"><a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">];</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-20"><a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-21"><a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//1创建套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-22"><a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">socket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">AF_INET</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SOCK_STREAM</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-23"><a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-24"><a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-25"><a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;socket&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-26"><a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-27"><a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-28"><a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-29"><a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//2绑定套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-30"><a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr_in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">//IPV4地址结构体</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-31"><a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-32"><a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_family</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AF_INET</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-33"><a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_port</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htons</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SERVER_PORT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">//端口号   5001~65535</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-34"><a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sin_addr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">s_addr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inet_addr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SERVER_IP</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//设置IP地址</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-35"><a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-36"><a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sockaddr</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myaddr</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-37"><a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;bind&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-38"><a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-39"><a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-40"><a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-41"><a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//3设置监听套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-42"><a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">listen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-43"><a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-44"><a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;listen&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-45"><a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//返回现在执行的函数(结束函数) </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-46"><a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-47"><a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-48"><a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-49"><a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-50"><a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//4接受客户端的连接。并生成新的通信套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-51"><a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">accept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">//定义套接字</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-52"><a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-53"><a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-54"><a id="__codelineno-11-54" name="__codelineno-11-54" href="#__codelineno-11-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;accpet!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-55"><a id="__codelineno-11-55" name="__codelineno-11-55" href="#__codelineno-11-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//返回现在执行的函数(结束函 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-56"><a id="__codelineno-11-56" name="__codelineno-11-56" href="#__codelineno-11-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-57"><a id="__codelineno-11-57" name="__codelineno-11-57" href="#__codelineno-11-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;accpet success!</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-58"><a id="__codelineno-11-58" name="__codelineno-11-58" href="#__codelineno-11-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//连接成功后，进入通信的循环</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-59"><a id="__codelineno-11-59" name="__codelineno-11-59" href="#__codelineno-11-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-60"><a id="__codelineno-11-60" name="__codelineno-11-60" href="#__codelineno-11-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-61"><a id="__codelineno-11-61" name="__codelineno-11-61" href="#__codelineno-11-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//将 buf空间中的1024内容清空 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-62"><a id="__codelineno-11-62" name="__codelineno-11-62" href="#__codelineno-11-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-63"><a id="__codelineno-11-63" name="__codelineno-11-63" href="#__codelineno-11-63"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">//读取失败 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-64"><a id="__codelineno-11-64" name="__codelineno-11-64" href="#__codelineno-11-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">   </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-65"><a id="__codelineno-11-65" name="__codelineno-11-65" href="#__codelineno-11-65"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;read!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-66"><a id="__codelineno-11-66" name="__codelineno-11-66" href="#__codelineno-11-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-67"><a id="__codelineno-11-67" name="__codelineno-11-67" href="#__codelineno-11-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-68"><a id="__codelineno-11-68" name="__codelineno-11-68" href="#__codelineno-11-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">//写端口关闭 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-69"><a id="__codelineno-11-69" name="__codelineno-11-69" href="#__codelineno-11-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-70"><a id="__codelineno-11-70" name="__codelineno-11-70" href="#__codelineno-11-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;client close</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-71"><a id="__codelineno-11-71" name="__codelineno-11-71" href="#__codelineno-11-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-72"><a id="__codelineno-11-72" name="__codelineno-11-72" href="#__codelineno-11-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-73"><a id="__codelineno-11-73" name="__codelineno-11-73" href="#__codelineno-11-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-74"><a id="__codelineno-11-74" name="__codelineno-11-74" href="#__codelineno-11-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-75"><a id="__codelineno-11-75" name="__codelineno-11-75" href="#__codelineno-11-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;recv : %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-76"><a id="__codelineno-11-76" name="__codelineno-11-76" href="#__codelineno-11-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-77"><a id="__codelineno-11-77" name="__codelineno-11-77" href="#__codelineno-11-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strncmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;exit&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//判断是否退出</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-78"><a id="__codelineno-11-78" name="__codelineno-11-78" href="#__codelineno-11-78"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-79"><a id="__codelineno-11-79" name="__codelineno-11-79" href="#__codelineno-11-79"></a>
</span><span id="__span-11-80"><a id="__codelineno-11-80" name="__codelineno-11-80" href="#__codelineno-11-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">//将读取到的数据又发送出来</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-81"><a id="__codelineno-11-81" name="__codelineno-11-81" href="#__codelineno-11-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RecBuf</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-82"><a id="__codelineno-11-82" name="__codelineno-11-82" href="#__codelineno-11-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-83"><a id="__codelineno-11-83" name="__codelineno-11-83" href="#__codelineno-11-83"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">perror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;write&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-84"><a id="__codelineno-11-84" name="__codelineno-11-84" href="#__codelineno-11-84"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-85"><a id="__codelineno-11-85" name="__codelineno-11-85" href="#__codelineno-11-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-86"><a id="__codelineno-11-86" name="__codelineno-11-86" href="#__codelineno-11-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-87"><a id="__codelineno-11-87" name="__codelineno-11-87" href="#__codelineno-11-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//关闭连接套接字 </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-88"><a id="__codelineno-11-88" name="__codelineno-11-88" href="#__codelineno-11-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">connfd</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-89"><a id="__codelineno-11-89" name="__codelineno-11-89" href="#__codelineno-11-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">   </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-90"><a id="__codelineno-11-90" name="__codelineno-11-90" href="#__codelineno-11-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sockfd</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span>
</span><span id="__span-11-91"><a id="__codelineno-11-91" name="__codelineno-11-91" href="#__codelineno-11-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span id="__span-11-92"><a id="__codelineno-11-92" name="__codelineno-11-92" href="#__codelineno-11-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>然后编译这段代码</p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-12-1"><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>gcc<span class="w"> </span>-Wall<span class="w"> </span>client.c<span class="w"> </span>-o<span class="w"> </span>client<span class="w">  </span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>-Wall 表示编译时显示所有警告</p>
<p>编译完成后调用生成的client文件</p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-13-1"><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>./client
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>想要停止这个程序，<code>Ctrl+c</code>即可。</p>
<h2 id="python">Python语言实现<a class="headerlink" href="#python" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="_3">服务端<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>其实步骤和C语言的是一样的，都是</p>
<p>建立socket对象、绑定本地的IP地址、设置监听的最大连接数、阻塞等待连接、连接好了之后就使用连接好的套接字收发</p>
<p>直接看代码注释即可</p>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-14-1"><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-2"><a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="sd">Socket 服务器 代码示例</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-3"><a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-4"><a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">socket</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-5"><a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-6"><a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="c1">#创建socket实例对象</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-7"><a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="n">socket_server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">socket</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-8"><a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-9"><a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="c1">#为实例对象 绑定服务端的 IP 地址和端口号</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-10"><a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="n">socket_server</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="s2">&quot;192.168.3.18&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8888</span><span class="p">))</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-11"><a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-12"><a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="c1">#设置监听的最大连接数</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-13"><a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="n">socket_server</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-14"><a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-15"><a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-16"><a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a>    <span class="c1">#阻塞等待连接 , 函数返回连接的客户端 socket 对象 和 连接的地址</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-17"><a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a>    <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">client_address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">socket_server</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">accept</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-18"><a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-19"><a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a>    <span class="c1">#服务器端与客户端进行交互</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-20"><a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-21"><a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a>        <span class="c1"># 循环接收客户端数据, 1024是最大长度，并使用 UTF-8 解码</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-22"><a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a>        <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">recv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;UTF-8&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-23"><a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-24"><a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 向客户端发送接收到的消息</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-25"><a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a>        <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">send</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;server rec: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">encode</span><span class="p">())</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-26"><a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a>        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;client send: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-27"><a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-28"><a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;quit&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-29"><a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-30"><a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a>
</span><span id="__span-14-31"><a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a>    <span class="c1"># 关闭连接</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-32"><a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a>    <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-14-33"><a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a>    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">&#39;client disconnect </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">client_address</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_4">客户端<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>客户端的流程就是建立socket对象、绑定服务器的IP地址、发送和接收数据</p>
<p>具体实现查看代码</p>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-15-1"><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">socket</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-2"><a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
</span><span id="__span-15-3"><a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="c1">#  创建 socket 实例对象</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-4"><a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="n">client_socket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">socket</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-5"><a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
</span><span id="__span-15-6"><a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="c1">#  客户端连接服务器, IP 地址和端口号放在元组中</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-7"><a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="s1">&#39;192.168.3.4&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8888</span><span class="p">))</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-8"><a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a>
</span><span id="__span-15-9"><a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="c1"># 获取命令行输入发送给客户端</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-10"><a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-11"><a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a>    <span class="n">command</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;请输入: &quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-12"><a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a>    <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">send</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">command</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">encode</span><span class="p">())</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-13"><a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a>    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;客户端发送: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">command</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-14"><a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">command</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;quit&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-15"><a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a>        <span class="k">break</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-16"><a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a>
</span><span id="__span-15-17"><a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 接收服务器数据</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-18"><a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a>    <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">recv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;UTF-8&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-19"><a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a>    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;服务端: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-20"><a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a>
</span><span id="__span-15-21"><a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="c1">#关闭连接</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-22"><a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="n">client_socket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-15-23"><a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;客户端关闭&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></code></pre></div>












                
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